Keystone Species Animals With Critical Roles

A keystone species is a species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community and whose impact on the community is greater than would be expected based on its relative abundance or total biomass. Without the keystone species, the ecological community to which it belongs would be greatly altered and many other species would be negatively impacted. In many cases, a keystone species is a predator. The reason for this is that a small population of predators is able to influence the distribution and numbers of many prey species. Predators not only affect prey populations by reducing their numbers, but they also alter the behavior of prey species--where they forage, when they are active, and how they select habitats such as burrows and breeding grounds. Although predators are common keystone species, they are not the only members of an ecological community that can serve this role. Herbivores too can be keystone species. For example, in the Serengeti, elephants act as keystone species by eating young saplings such as acacia that grow in the vast grasslands. This keeps the savannas free of trees and prevents it from gradually becoming a woodland. Additionally, by managing the dominant vegetation in the community, elephants ensure that grasses thrive. In turn, a wide variety of other animals benefit such as wildebeests, zebras, and antelopes. Without grasses, populations of mice and shrews would be reduced. The concept of a keystone species was first introduced by University of Washington professor, Robert T. Paine in 1969. Paine studied a community of organisms that inhabited the intertidal zone along Washingtons Pacific coast. He found that one species, the carnivorous starfish Pisaster ochraceous, played a key role in maintaining the balance of all other species in the community. Paine observed that if Pisaster ochraceous was removed from the community, the populations of two mussel species within the community grew unchecked. Without a predator to control their numbers, the mussels soon took over the community and crowded out other species, greatly reduced the communitys diversity. When a keystone species is removed from an ecological community, there is a chain reaction throughout many parts of the community. Some species become more numerous while others suffer population declines. The plant structure of the community may be altered due to increased or decreased browsing and grazing by certain species. Similar to keystone species are umbrella species. Umbrella species are species that provide protection for many other species in some way. For example, an umbrella species might require a large amount of habitat. If the umbrella species remains healthy and protected, then that protection also protects a host of smaller species as well. Keystone species, because of their proportionately large influence on species diversity and community structure, have become a popular target for conservation efforts. The reasoning is sound: protect one, key species and in doing so stabilize an entire community. But the keystone species theory remains a young theory and the underlying concepts are still being developed. For instance, the term was originally applied to a predator species (Pisaster ochraceous), but now the term keystone has been extended to include prey species, plants, and even habitat resources.

The Roles of Portia and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice...

Stereotypes for every different religion, ethnicity, culture, and gender exist among the minds of the human race. These typecasts have ruled this world for as long as there has been diversity among people. In Shakespeare’s comedic tragedy, The Merchant of Venice, one prejudice is very central to the theme. The play is dominantly set in Venice, one of the most liberal cities of the Renaissance era. In this place and time period, anti-Semitism is very much in force. The Jewish people are discriminated against and treated terribly by the Christians living in Venice. Shylock, a wealthy Jew, is mercilessly spurned many times by men like Antonio, a Venetian merchant. In contrast to this blind hatred is the longing and lust associated with†¦show more content†¦I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes?† (III.i.53-58). He is making it clear that Antonio has committed multiple acts of cruelty against Shylock merely because of his religion. Shylock goes on to portray that Jews are exactly like Christians except in their beliefs, and that there is no justified reason for their contempt for Jewish people. Although he is a usurer, which is considered an undignified position for anyone to be in, as a Jew, Shylock is the target of a great amount of derision. In Wheeler’s truthful depiction of the play, he states, â€Å"Above all, [Shylock] is a Jew. In his most famous speech he asserts the fundamental humanity of his nation, but the Christians persist in calling him ‘the Jew’ and the laws of Venice make him an alien.† Conversely, Portia is a well respected Christian woman living in the nearby city of Belmont. As a Christian, she is not discriminated against because of her religion and she enjoys many rights and privileges that Shylock and the Jewish people do not. Merely the fact that she is Christian allows her more freedom than Shylock could ever dream to achieve. She, not unlike the rest of the Christian people, believe that they have the right to judge Jews and others that they deem are beneath them. For instance, when Morocco, a player in Portia’s â€Å"marriage lottery†, leaves after picking the wrong casket, Portia says, â€Å"A gentle riddance! DrawShow MoreRelatedThe Theme Of Revenge In The Merchant Of Venice1118 Words   |  5 PagesRevenge is the central theme of The Merchant of Venice as the plot is centred around the theme of revenge, vengefulness is one of the main character traits present in a sizable number of characters and the main moral message is that revenge is a poor choice. While other themes in the play are present in the plot and moral message and the themes of love and friendship are more prevalent in the majority of the characters, revenge plays a more significant role in the play. These factors lead to a playRead MoreThe Merchant Of Venice As A Tragedy1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe Merchant of Venice is a tragedy Jean Racine, a French dramatist of the 17th century France, states, â€Å"Life is a comedy to those who think, a tragedy to those who feel† (Goodreads). In the early days of its staging, the play The Merchant of Venice written by William Shakespeare is considered to be a comedy, but as the world develops there is controversy as whether to believe that the play is actually a tragedy. The play is centered on two main plots: the bond plot and the casket plot. The bondRead More Responsibilities in William Shakespeares Merchant of Venice1212 Words   |  5 PagesResponsibilities in William Shakespeares Merchant of Venice The small and seemingly insignificant details in a story often hold together an entire theme of the work. 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At 588 lines, Portia also has more lines than any other character;Read MoreThe Three Plots of The Merchant of Venice779 Words   |  4 Pages Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is a simple story line with three distinct plot lines incorporated into each other intricately. These three plot lines are the bond plot, the casket plot, and the ring plot, each equally vital to the meaning and conclusion of the play. In this essay, I will discuss the roles of the characters in the plot, the symbols, images, and rhetorical figures central to each plot, and finally how the events of the three plots are intertwined. The first sign that the threeRead MoreThe Merchant of Venice938 Words   |  4 PagesHate The Merchant of Venice a play written by the famous poet and play writer, William Shakespeare, in the year 1596 - 1598. It is based on both love and hate. Shakespeare demonstrates the themes of love and hate clearly through various character. The friendship love is shown through Antonio towards Bassanio, romantic love is shown through Portia and Bassanio and self love is shown through shylock. However Shakespeare also illustrates hates during the play through the characters shylock and AntonioRead MoreThe Merchant Of Venice : Tragedy, Comedy Or Tragicomedy1363 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Silva English 200 13 January 2017 The Merchant of Venice: Tragedy, Comedy or Tragicomedy Can time and historical events affect the categorization of a literary piece? William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is a play that is difficult to classify in a specific genre. It is often referred to as one of his problem plays. This means that it does not easily fall into a single category. Most literary sources categorize The Merchant of Venice as a comedy because it fits the description byRead MoreThe Rings of Power: Symbolic Exchange in the Merchant of Venice1595 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rings of Power: Symbolic Exchange in The Merchant of Venice Rings are significant to the narrative of The Merchant of Venice for several reasons. Firstly, as symbols of love, wealth and power. Secondly, as a means through which Portia gives and then regains control of herself, her weath and power and finally, the theft and sale of Leahs turquoise ring acts as a source of sympathy towards Shylock and allows him to parallel the Christian husbands, Bassanio and Graziano. 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Analysis of Battle Royal free essay sample

Tao Hengsheng Professor Dawson English 184 11 October 2012 Everfight By depicting his grandfathers words and his experience in the battle royal that accompanied with bewilderment and gradual maturity, the narrator presented us a story that stimulates deep thought for not only the social status, but also the mental status of blacks. There are about specific points, which are the significance of grandfathers words and extended symbolism of blindfold, I would like to draw attention to and discuss, in order to provide a profound inquiry of Battle Royal. Evidently, grandfather had been practicing for the common good for his whole life, yet he called himself a traitor. His words seemed more powerful than his death in that my folks were more alarmed over his last words than over his dying. The narrator was confused. On one hand, the narrator was warned emphatically to forget what he had said, raising more curiosity; on the other, the narrator could never be sure of what he meant, and all he could do was having a feeling of an anonymous guilt, whenever things went well. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Battle Royal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Never knowing whom the grandfather betrayed, he was being praised among the whites for having such attitude, further leading to a moral ambiguity. It should be concluded, its himself, his family, or his race as a whole, grandfather had betrayed. At ease he was; he felt comfortable being satisfied with the current condition, forgetting to fight. Eventually, however, he answered to the call of guts that people who do give up arms are doomed to death and ruin, leaving his words and warns, hoping his future generations would not act like him. Blindfold played an important role in the battle royal, where apparently it’s used to block peoples’ sight, in order to increase the interest of such watching such contest. It became a huge barrier for the narrator in that without sight he felt blow from everywhere, yet the blindfold blocked not nly the narrator’s eyes. Blindfold made the narrator blind, mentally. He believed he could achieve success and win respect by genuine meekness; he cannot see the injustice in the battle royal; he dare not to fight when he is being questioned if he pronounced incorrectly; he cannot unmask what is being praised was just deliberately disguised racism; he played up to the whites, whereas what he got was venom—the electric rug, the battle field and the fake prize.

Pablo Picasso A Political Life Essay Example

Pablo Picasso: A Political Life Paper Pablo Picasso is one of the pre-eminent artists of the twentieth century, having mastered various art forms such as painting, sculpting, print-making, ceramic-making and stage designing. Alongside Henri Matisse and Marcel Duchamp, Picasso is considered to have revolutionized plastic arts in the early part of the twentieth century. He is also credited with co-founding the Cubist movement and constructed sculpture. The invention of collage is also attributed to him. Although Picasso is a house-hold name across the world, his political views and affiliations are not as well-known as his artistic accomplishments. His political commitments have been one of the most underexplored areas of his life and work. (Kiaer, 2003, p.395) But new scholarship and evidence from exhibitions identify the political facet of Pablo Picasso. This essay will argue that though not much publicized or documented Picasso held strong political beliefs. This is evident from the events of his personal life and the c ontent of his artistic works. Although art critics often suggest that art should transcend politics, this assertion does not always holds true. The most important event in Picasso’s life, which betrays his strong political sympathies, is his joining the French Communist Party in 1944. Picasso’s contribution to the party came via his three drawings of Maurice Thorez in 1945. He also gifted to the Communist town of Vallauris, his sculpture L’homme au mouton. The painting ‘The Peace Dove’, produced in the aftermath of the the Second World War is further evidence for the link between the aesthetics and politics of the great painter. Picasso’s deep involvement with Leftist politics is made obvious through his 1953 portrait of Stalin. But Picasso was far from stereotypical in his representation of Stalin, for he showcased a â€Å"youthful Stalin: joyous, naive, with a thick head of hair and an equally impressive moustache!† (Gavronsky, 2001, p.47) It should also be noted that Picasso was never shy of expressing his independent views even if it crossed party doctrine. In what he called ‘Free and Revolutionary Art’, â€Å"he maintained an aesthetic distance from the views of the party though he repeatedly expressed his horror of war as one can see in his Guernica, Guerre et Paix, and Massacres en Coree. Thus a Picasso of peace rather than a Communist painter, who, nevertheless, never forgot his â€Å"Stalin† as he demonstrated in a sketch in November 1949: â€Å"A ta sante, Staline.† (Gavronsky, 2001, p.47) We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso: A Political Life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso: A Political Life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso: A Political Life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hence, what we see is a complex development of Picasso’s politics, that does not lend itself to convenient stereotypes and categorization. In the exhibition Musee National Picasso held in Paris recently, more evidence of Picasso’s political engagement has emerged. In an obscure little file labeled ‘Political Correspondence sent to Picasso’, many erstwhile unknown facts about the great artist are revealed. We learn that Picasso sent â€Å"generous donations to African, Muslim and Jewish causes, as well as his support for the refugees of the 1956 Hungarian uprising, striking miners in northern France, and Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, executed in the US for passing on atomic secrets to the USSR.† (Gavronsky, 2001, p.47) But what politicized Picasso the most was his involvement in the Spanish Civil War. At the Tate Liverpool exhibition, one is reacquainted with the political side of Picasso through paintings such as Guernica (1937) and The Charnel House (1945), the latter based upon a short documentary film about a Spanish Republican family slaughtered in their kitchen. â€Å"The austere use of grisaille (monochromatic tones of grey, black and white) emulates the grainy newsreel and newspaper photographs of the period. Still lives executed during the last years of the Second World War are filled with animal skulls and that harbinger of death, the owl, to evoke traditional forms of vanitas and memento mori paintings†¦Other series, such as the War and Peace murals, reflect Picasso’s attitude to the cold war. His Las Meninas series (1957) viciously satirises–in the tradition of Goya–the Spanish monarchy and Franco’s bid to install the young exiled prince Don Juan as his puppet.† (Hubbard, 2010, p.47) In one of the interviews Picasso gave, he’s admitted to his Socialist leanings as â€Å"the logical outcome of my whole life†. (Davis, 2010, p.3) It is appropriate, then, that the recently held art exhibition at Tate Liverpool was titled Picasso: Peace and Freedom. The painting Monument to the Spaniards who Died for France (1947) is a homage to the Republicans who escaped interment by joining the French Resistance. Its â€Å"ruddy blood reds and greys contrast dramatically with the more optimistic works in the same room – The Cockerel of the Liberation (1944) showing France’s emblematic bird in cheerful greens and yellows†¦Symbols of war and peace appear in works throughout his life, as emphasized in the exhibition.† (Davis, 2010, p.3) Hence, in conclusion, as much as Picasso is an artist with bohemian tendencies, he is also a political activist. Not only is the evidence amply available in his works of art, but they are to be found in other artifacts related to him. For example, there are photographs of him speaking at peace conferences, newspaper clippings of the sketches he drew for publication in Les Lettres Francaises, pamphlets he made for Daily Worker, etc. What comes across most strongly â€Å"is the impression of a man who used his art to express his convictions, but who would not be swayed by the opinions of others without a fight.† (Davis, 2010, p.3) Works Cited Daix, Pierre. Picasso: Life and Art. Trans. Olivia Emmet. New York: Icon Editions, 1993. Gavronsky, Serge. â€Å"Aragon: Politics and Picasso.† The Romanic Review (2001): 47+. Hubbard, Sue. â€Å"War Paint: Sue Hubbard Explores the Politics of the 20th Century’s Greatest Artist.† New Statesman 28 June 2010: 47. Kiaer, Christina. â€Å"Dreamworld and Catastrophe: the Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West / Picasso the Communist Years / French Modernisms: Perspectives on Art Before, during and after Vichy / Mario Sironi and Italian Modernisms Art and Politics under Fascism.† The Art Bulletin 85.2 (2003): 395+. Davis, Laura, â€Å"Symbols of War and Peace Strike a Chord in Landmark Picasso Show.† Daily Post (Liverpool, England) 21 May 2010: 3.

Monetary Union essays

Monetary Union essays PE 116 Movement Education Kevin Juon Date 4-21-99 The word gymnastics came from the Greeks. The Greeks used this word to describe any type of physical activity. Exercise was an important part of their education process, sort of like what is in place today. They used exercise in order to beautify the body, promote health, comfort, strength, and vigor. The Romans took the Greeks beliefs on exercise, and used them in training their military forces. After the Romans, exercising virtually dropped off the face of the Earth until Johann Basedow (1723-1790) opened a school in 1774. Then once again, it became part of education. Today, hundreds of years after the Greeks, many people exercise for these same reasons they did. The Spartans also exercised, and one of the things they did were balancing activities. This was most likely important to the Spartans for different reasons, for example, it would help them during battle to be able to keep their balance. Schools today also use the balance beam even though it is not because they want the kids to be prepared for battle. The balance beam will help the kids acquire the balance needed in many activities they will perform as kids, Many types of gymnastics help balance, but there is no single activity that requires balance like the balance beam. The balance beam is able to be used for all different skill levels because the height of the beam can be adjusted. The teacher of a class is able to have the kids first try the exercise trying to stay on a piece of tape that was put on the floor. Then they could have the kids try it on a bleacher, it is a higher up, but is also wider than a regulation balance beam. Finally, once the kids get the hang of it, they can have them try the exercises on the balance beam. A direct result of the balance beam use, is the development and good use of the muscles in the feet ...

Biography of Tom Hayden, Activist and Politician

Biography of Tom Hayden, Activist and Politician Tom Hayden (December 11, 1939–October 23, 2016) was an American anti-war activist and the co-founder of Students for a Democratic Society. In later life, he was elected to public office in California. Fast Facts: Tom Hayden Known For: Co-founder of the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and a political activist focused on anti-war efforts, civil rights, and progressivism in American politicsOccupation: Activist, author, professor, and politicianBorn: December 11, 1939  in Royal Oak, MichiganDied: October 23, 2016  in Santa Monica, CaliforniaSpouse(s): Casey Cason  (m. 1961–1962), Jane Fonda  (m. 1973–1990), Barbara Williams  (m. 1993–2016)Children: Troy Garity, Liam Jack Diallo Hayden Early Life Hayden was born in Royal Oak, Michigan, to Genevieve and John Hayden. His father, a former Marine of Irish Catholic descent, was an accountant for Chrysler. The Haydens divorced when Thomas was ten, in large part due to John’s violent alcoholic tendencies. Hayden was raised by his mother and grew up attending Catholic elementary school, but he broke with the Church when he grew older. Hayden began his career as the editor of his high school’s newspaper. He then went on to attend the University of Michigan, where he served as the editor of the student newspaper, the Michigan Daily. It was at this time that he became more politically active, eventually co-founding the leftist student group Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). He met his first wife, Sandra Cason, through their shared activism, and the couple married in 1961. Radical Activism Hayden began his larger-scale activism as a Freedom Rider in the South, riding into the segregated South to protest the non-compliance with a Supreme Court ruling that had made segregated buses unconstitutional. As president of the SDS, Hayden drafted their manifesto, the Port Huron Statement, which became an early inspiration for the â€Å"New Left† and young, radical leftist movement in the United States. After divorcing Cason in 1962, Hayden moved to Newark, New Jersey, where he worked from 1964 to 1968 with inner-city residents and witnessed the 1967 â€Å"race riots,† which he attributed to more than just racial conflict. It was in 1965, however, that Hayden began his more visible and controversial activism. Alongside Communist Party USA member Herbert Aptheker and Quaker peace activist Staughton Lynd, Hayden visited North Vietnam, touring villages and factories. He continued his anti-war activities into 1968, when he joined the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam and protested outside the Democratic National Convention. Those protests led to his indictment, along with several of his fellow protestors, on charges of incitement to riot and conspiracy. Their case became known as the â€Å"Chicago Seven† (named after the city where the convention and protests occurred), and although Hayden and other protestors were initially convicted of crossing state lines with the intention to riot, the decision was later reversed, and the government did not retry the case. Following the trial, Hayden continued to make highly visible visits to Vietnam and Cambodia, the latter of which had been drawn into the war under the Nixon administration. Hayden had become involved romantically with actress Jane Fonda, who was also an anti-war protestor and famously took a trip to Hanoi, the North Vietnamese capital, in 1972. The couple married in 1973 and welcomed their son, Troy Garity (given Hayden’s mother’s maiden name for his surname). He also founded the Indochina Peace Campaign, which organized anti-war dissent and fought for amnesty for those who dodged being drafted. Entry into Politics In 1976, Hayden made his first political move when he challenged incumbent Senator John V. Tunney for a California Senate seat. Although he was initially viewed as a fringe candidate, he wound up finishing a strong second in the Democratic primary. In the 1980s, he served in the California state assembly and, in the 1990s, in the state senate. Hayden served on the advisory board of the Progressive Democrats of America, a political organization and grassroots political action committee created to advocate for more progressive policy within the Democratic Party. He also became a strong advocate for animal rights and authored a bill that improved protections for pets and shelter animals. Throughout his career, Hayden taught at the university level at several California universities. For the most part, his courses specialized in social movements, political science, and history of protests. He also authored or edited nearly 20 books. Later Life In 1990, Hayden and Fonda divorced; three years later, he married his third wife, Barbara Williams, a Canadian-American actress. The couple adopted a son, Liam, who was born in 2000. The 2016 election would be the last campaign season he participated in: although he reportedly supported Bernie Sanders early on, he publicly supported Hillary Clinton. However, Hayden did not live to see the results of the election. After a lengthy illness and a stroke, Hayden died on October 23, 2016, in Santa Monica, California. He left behind a large volume of published work, as well as a legacy of pushing for progress, even (and especially) when it went against the â€Å"establishment† thinking. Sources Finnegan, Michael. â€Å"The radical inside the system: Tom Hayden, protester-turned-politician, dies at 76.† The Los Angeles Times, 23 October 2016, https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-tom-hayden-snap-story.html.McFadden, Robert D. â€Å"Tom Hayden, Civil Rights and Antiwar Activist Turned Lawmaker, Dies at 76.† The New York Times, 24 October 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/25/us/tom-hayden-dead.html.Schaffer, Scott. â€Å"Tom Hayden: American Activist and Author.† Encyclopaedia Brittanica, 7 December 2018, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tom-Hayden.

Usability study of software lifecycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Usability study of software lifecycle - Essay Example The main emphasis of the book is on practical methods rather than a theoretical one. The author highlights relevant information; skills and techniques needed in the process of designing of an attractive and efficient interface. Several factors affecting the design, efficiency and usability of User interfaces including common errors made are highlighted throughout the book. By dividing the book into five (5) chapters, the author is able to clearly examine Graphic User Interface’s (GUIs). All the chapters of the book are coherent and not isolated or independent in topic content. He proposes incorporating fundamental principles for industrial and domestic designs and their concept to the Graphic user interface design. These principles are broadened through levels increasing from the most theoretical to practical using examples of various graphic user interface implementation on a windowing platform such as in Windows; the Apple Mackintosh (Mac), Motif and other X-Windows based systems. A GUI designer team should possess relevant skills such as Graphics design, System Analysis, Cognitive and Task Engineering skills. I. Fundamental principles of design: the first principle states ‘simple tasks deserve simple interfaces’ while the second principles similarly states that ‘complex tasks demand guidance and elucidation’. The ability to differentiate between complex and simple task is easily acquired by learning from feedbacks or experiences of users. Using the Microsoft Word version 6.0 which has undergone considerable revision as a case study, the author concludes that the certain factors such as Visibility, Feedback, and Mapping & Affordances as not totally disjoint components of design but highlights them as the elements of design. He states that the absence of these factors leads to many errors in design. A good User Interface supports cognitive processes such as memory and learning while avoiding overloading shift memory. A combination of

Position Paper- Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Position Paper- - Essay Example colleges towards low- income students though the following exposition embarks on the merits and counter arguments from the critiques in order to clear the debacle. Career colleges have increased the number of institutions offering higher education thereby enabling many low- income students to select their career path. The increased number of career colleges has augmented the number of courses offered thereby enabling students from low- income household to undertake their convenient courses that will not burden their pockets. The increased career colleges have led to the development of numerous learning techniques such as on- line learning and flexible hours that have enabled low- income students to access quality education. The increased flexible learning techniques have led to a decrease in the transportation and accommodation cost that otherwise strain the lives of low- income students (Holmes 6). In addition, the notion brings about a strong correlation between training and job requirement, which appeals to a host of scholars. Critiques argue that the career colleges are profit- oriented institutions that do not care on the quality of education they offer as long as they enrich the proprietors. The notion is not true because an increased number of low- income students are graduating from career colleges and upon employment in the various sectors of the economy, they are performing well (Holmes 4). The numerous legislations and lobbying that have occurred in the United States hindering for- profit colleges from exploiting students dismiss the critique that the institutions are profit- oriented. The career colleges are competing with public institutions for quality education rather than profits since public institutions have recently adopted numerous and flexible learning techniques such as on- line learning. Career colleges provide a tangible learning experience that helps in augmenting the connection between training and job requirement thereby motivating

Exercises and Problems Essay Example for Free

Exercises and Problems Essay Trudy Company incurred the following costs. 1. Sales tax on factory machinery purchased $ 5,000 2. Painting of and lettering on truck immediately upon purchase 700 3. Installation and testing of factory machinery 2,000 4. Real estate broker’s commission on land purchased 3,500 5. Insurance premium paid for first year’s insurance on new truck 880 6. Cost of landscaping on property purchased 7,200 7. Cost of paving parking lot for new building constructed 17,900 8. Cost of clearing, draining, and filling land 13,300 9. Architect’s fees on self-constructed building 10,000 Items of property, plant and equipment should be initially recorded at cost. Costs include all costs in which are necessary to assure the assets are in working condition for their intended use. This includes original purchase prices along with costs of site preparations, delivery, handling, installation, professional fees included for architects and engineers with estimations for dismantling and removing these assets for restoration of original site. Knowing managements intended use comes in very handy and is extremely important when applying this cost principle. Cost principle assets are to be recorded at cost this equals the value which was reciprocated at the time of the attainment. Assets in the United States like land and buildings appreciate in value over a given period of time these items do not get revalued for future financial reporting. Shipping costs form part of the asset costs, however; the cost of accidental insurance or any type of insurance during the later periods are recurring expenses which benefit and is not received for short term, less than a year therefore; it does not get included within the costs of assets. References: Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., Kieso, D. E. (2010). Financial accounting (7th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons.

Bipolar Disorder - Short Presentation :: essays research papers

Bipolar Disorder, also known as Manic Depression, involves episodes of mania and depression, with periods of stability. Manic episodes are characterized by elevated energy levels, restlessness, feeling of nothing can go wrong, and high self-confidence; while depressive episodes are the exact opposite: low energy, sluggish, sadness, and feeling of hopelessness. Occasionally, people suffering from Bipolar Disorder can suffer more severe symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Although they do not know the exact cause of Bipolar Disorder, researchers believe that biologic, genetic and environmental factors are all involved in causing and triggering episodes of the illness. Evidence suggests that an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain is the culprit. Episodes can last weeks or months. For two years I live with a 16 year-old girl named Nicole who had Bipolar Disorder. I witnessed several episodes ranging from calm to severe. A calm episode would usually consist of only the manic stage. She had about 7 calm episodes while she lived with me. In reality, calm episodes are just episodes caught in enough time so that an adjustment of her medication was able to stabilize her. In a more severe episode, Nicole would usually decline mentally over a 7-day period, at which point she would need to be hospitalized. Nicole’s behavior during a severe episode included wild mood swings: from extreme happiness to anger to sadness; disorganized thinking: she was unable to follow conversations, and would make inappropriate statements; and cutting depression: she tried to kill herself 4 times. Nicole’s illness affected her life completely. Having spent her most of her life in and out of hospitals she was unable to attend school on a regular basis. She had few friends because she was embarrassed to tell them about her condition. Nicole eventually left our house during a severe episode. She became paranoid that we were trying to control her. She packed all of her stuff and left to go live with her mother. We heard that she was hospitalized just 3 days later. She was in the hospital for 5 months, her longest stretch ever. I went and visited her in the hospital several times. I barely recognized her. She was not thinking clearly, delusional, and paranoid. When she was in â€Å"remission†, she was completely normal. Now, she couldn’t pay attention, was fidgety, and told me she was hearing voices again. As of October of 2001, Nicole is living in a halfway house because her illness is unable to be kept under control.

Partial Interview with Biff Loman Essay

Interviewer:Were you surprised to hear about your father’s suicide attempts? Biff:Yes, of course! I had no idea. But I guess it’s like what Mom had said; I never asked about him, I didn’t write that often. But I really had no clue that he was that bad-off. Interviewer:What did you mean when you were telling Happy that you never felt like you were getting anywhere with your life when you were working on a farm? Biff:My father’s standard made me like I was wasting my life. I was only making 28 dollars an hour, that’d be nothing to him. He had always wanted me to be in business like him, so I felt like I was failing him. Plus, he had always looked down at manual laborers. Interviewer:What did you think of your father after you discovered he was having an affair? Biff:I thought he was a huge fake. At first I couldn’t believe it. I had always looked up to him, like any son to his father, but finding that out made me realize he was a fake. Interviewer:You had specifically mentioned how Willy had given the women in Boston your mother’s stockings, what was that about? Biff:It made me think of his as a phony and a liar. He was saying how that woman didn’t really mean anything to him, but that made me think otherwise. Interviewer:You were very worked up over accidentally taking Bill Oliver’s pen. What was that about? Biff:It made me realize that I wouldn’t be able to do what I was trying to do. There was no way this was going to work out. And once again, I wouldn’t live up to Pop’s dream of me. Interviewer:Did you really think that Bill Oliver would remember you and give you the money that you needed? Biff:Yes, but only because of my dad’s influencing. He really made me think that I was into business like he was. Interviewer:Do you blame your father for your shortcomings the jobs you held? Biff:Well, it wasn’t him who stole me out of every job I had since high school, it was me. But it was him who blew me so full of hot air I couldn’t stand taking orders from anybody for very long. Interviewer:How did you finally convince your father that you were never going to live up to the standard he had for you? Biff:I finally stood up to him and told him that I wasn’t going to be bringing any prizes home, so he should stop waiting for me to bring them. Interviewer:What did you mean by â€Å"I know who I am† when you were talked to Happy after your father’s funeral? Biff:I meant what I said. I was done chasing Dad’s dream and even though I was still unsure what I was going to do with the rest of my life, I knew for sure I’d be doing something that I would want to do. Interviewer:Your body language suggested you didn’t agree with what Happy was saying after your father’s funeral. What was that about? Biff: Oh yeah†¦ he was saying that the only dream you can have is to come out as the number-one man. It’s like he’s stuck now trying to be what I couldn’t be. And that’s a successful in business, be what Dad wanted me to be. It reminded me of Happy talking about his life the first night we were back in our room at our parent’s house. He said he had it all but he was still lonely. It reminded me that Dad had also said he was lonely after I discovered his affair. Interviewer:What did you mean by, â€Å"there’s more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made†? Biff:He had always really liked working with his hands. I think he only thought that being a salesman was what he was meant to do. He always put so much pride into his handiwork. He loved the idea of having a garden†¦

Bad effect of modern technology Essay

Introduction: Metamorphosis is the only thing that is constant in this world. Everything is subjected to change, whether it’s small or huge. And these changes have its complementary effects, either good or bad. Technology is a concrete example of those things that are undergoing a huge change. It came from the Greek words: (1.) Techne, which means â€Å"Art, skill, cunning of hand†; and (2.) a prefix â€Å"-logia.† This only means that technology is a scientific progression and modification of tools, machines, techniques, systems, and methods of organization which helps in solving pre-existing problems of humans. Background of the Study In the era where in modern technologies still don’t exist, students rely mostly in educational materials such library, observations, notes, books just to review and study their lessons. They put a lot of extra efforts in order to gain information. Students are more focused and motivated in studying in order to attain good grades and better education. According to Daniels, 2002; Ganske et al., 2003; Harvey, 2002, technology motivates students to in having a choice in their assignments, see the relevancy, or can assess the teacher’s feedback intertwined, student motivation increases. Along with the rapid growth and change of modern technology, students become more dependent to electronic gadgets around them. Because the students believe in the power of gadgets, they all rely their works in them. As a result, they forget to be responsible in their own way and let themselves be controlled with by all the comforts that the gadgets give them. Unlike before, they allot less ti me in studying and putting more time in using the gadgets because they have this idea that doing researches and assignments can be easily done because of it. Modern technology causes great distraction in the study habits of students. Statement of the Problem 1.) What products of technology are affecting the students’ study habits the most? 2.) How often do students use the electronic gadgets? 3.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of modern technology to the studying habits of the students? 4.) How often do the aforementioned advantages and disadvantages occur to them while using these gadgets? 5.) In general, what is the effect of the advancement of technology to the studying habits of the students? Is it essential? Or detrimental? Hypotheses The following hypotheses will be tested for acceptance and approval: H0 : There is no significant effect of modern technology to the studying habits of the students of the selected students of Far Eastern University. H1 : There are significant effects brought by modern technology to the studying habits of the selected students of Far Eastern University. Scope and Limitation This research study gives emphasis to the possible effects modern technology to the studying habits, as well as the performance, of the selected students of FEU. The researchers conducted a survey through a questionnaire to the 100 students, randomly selected, who often use e-gadgets llike iPad, laptop, cellphone, etc. This is to verify their standpoint regarding the effects caused by technology to their performance in school and to obtain data that can be used in this study. This study will no longer altercate the new innovation. Although this can be a source of information which can be adapted to profound and maximize the use of e-gadgets. This study is focused on how modern technology affects students’ compliance to the requirements of their course description and relevant actions to determine how to efficiently use the e-gadgets. The effects that the researchers presented are either dreadful or valuable. Significance of the Study The Students a complete, balance, and proper usage of the gadgets they have. Through these, students can allocate their time more appropriately and they can prioritize the degree of importance of their tasks. The Teachers a  background on why the certain students are not able to accomplish their work. The Parents ideas on how are they going to minimize the bad effects brought about by these gadgets and through this, they can guide their sons and daughters on the limitations they should build to avoid addiction to these gadgets. Furthermore, this study will serve as a theoretical model for future studies of the same nature if ever the existing problem has penetrated in this case will exist in the future. Future researchers will benefit from this study, and it will provide them the facts needed to compare their study during their respective time and usability. Definition of Terms Technology is the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, and methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a pre-existing solution to a problem, achieve a goal, handle an applied input/output relation or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures Study Habits is a schedule in which you consistently use and perform for learning process. Gadgets are small specialized mechanical or electronic devices; a contrivance. Electronic Gadgets are the instruments which can perform many activities at a time with vast speedï  ¶ & makes the hard work efficient one Laptop is a portable personal computer with the same features with a desktop computer. It is lighter, smaller and cheaper compared to computers. iPad is a line of tablet computers designed and created by Apple Inc. it can shoot videos, take photos, play music, can install games, ebooks, etc. and it can perform internet functions like surfing the web and emailing. It is very handy, touch screen and has a light weight. iPod Touch is commonly known as iTouch stylized and created by Apple Inc. It is a handheld device that allows you to play music, take photos, shoot video, download apps, connects you to your email and is capable of wireless connection to the internet which enables the users to directly buy or download software. Smartphone is a mobile phone designed built on an operating system. It has a more advanced capability and connectivity. It is handy and convenient to use. Its functions are portable media player, high end cameras, GPS, high resolution touchscreens, and web browsers. Ex: Android, Apple, Blackberry,  Lenovo, Nokia etc. Ebook is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on computers or other electr Sonic devices. Social Networking site is a platform to build social networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections. A social network service consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Far Eastern University in the University Belt area, West Sampaloc, City of Manila, is a nonsectarian, private university in the Philippines. Created by the merger of Far Eastern College and the Institute of Accounts, Business and Finance, FEU became a university in 1934 under the guidance of first president Nicanor Reyes, Sr. It has been noted as the leading proprietary (for profit) university in the Philippines. Wi-fi is a popular technology that allows an electronic device to exchange data or connect to the internet wirelessly using radio waves GPS is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. Computer an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. Apps are software applications designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices.

Uniforms in High School †Education Essay

Uniforms in High School – Education Essay Free Online Research Papers Uniforms in High School Education Essay The idea of a uniform in schools has been debated for years. Those opposed often use the lack of creative freedom as the main fault of a uniformed environment, saying a uniform stifles creativity by limiting one’s â€Å"expression of self†. But how I see it, self expression is definitely not limited to appearances, and you can be your own unique individual and not have to use your appearance to do so. In fact, appearing tthe same as others would spark more of a need to be individual to â€Å"stand out† as who you are, which is far more beneficial for developing character. Looking the same on the outside challenges you to find out how you’re unique as a person, and uniforms can do that. Uniforms have benefits other than sparking your internal individual. When clothes are used to â€Å"define yourself† they are used as tools for making yourself â€Å"superior†, and become tools for belittling others. Bullying always is and always has been a large problem in high schools. Among young women especially, clothes and the message they carry are a large factor. Uniforms eliminate all the competition of labels and trends and creates a haven from all the superficial judgement that clothes can carry. After all, school is a place for education and development and that competitive dynamic of appearances is not something that should be mixed with either of those. All of this negative competition with appearances can definitely diminish your self esteem or body image, if you cannot meet the expectations of the latest trend. The â€Å"one size fits all† attitude of a uniform levels the playing field as far as appearances go. Learning to get to know people for who they are beyond how much their outfit cost is imperative for developing your character for the future. Not judging people by what they’re wearing is extremely important for entering society as an adult so you don’t judge people by their image and appearance and you yourself don’t expect to be evaluated solely on that either. Uniforms also teach you to not rely on appearances and regulates a strong character and personality. I would rather know I am appreciated for my character and personality than any image I am projecting or my clothes, which brings on the issue of the role appearance and image play in society. Physical appearance is dominant in our society and the idea of a uniform in high schools seems like a refreshing relief from all of that judgment and actually enforces good values and priorities. Uniforms make you focus on the person, their mind, which is why you’re at school, to improve your mind, not your clothes. Appearances can be deceiving, be used as a tool to do so, or to belittle others. They can make you feel inadequate in so many ways, so why not remove all that negativity from high school, where impressionable young adults go to learn values for life? The purpose of school is to get an education, and until you’re graded on your shoes, wearing a uniform is the best way to do that. Research Papers on Uniforms in High School - Education EssayStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyWhere Wild and West MeetResearch Process Part OneThe Spring and AutumnGenetic EngineeringPETSTEL analysis of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia

The Baby Boomers guide to reentering the job market

The Baby Boomers guide to reentering the job market Attention Baby Boomers: Although you’re technically approaching the age when people typical start thinking of retiring from the work world, that doesn’t mean you can’t be a valuable and productive part of a company or business. Or perhaps you’ve already officially retired and have decided that you’d like to re-enter the workforce in some capacity, either due to financial need or simply to keep busy and add new value to your daily routine. Baby Boomers have been traditionally characterized as a hard-working, roll up your sleeves, â€Å"can do† generation, so it stands to reason that they’d want to stay active and continue contributing to the world. If this sounds like you, and you’d like to re-enter the job market and kick off a successful job search, then keep reading!   Whatever the case may be, those of you who are looking to re-enter the job market may discover that the job search game has changed drastically in recent year s- everything from rapid technological advancement to the shifting ways businesses hire to meet their staffing needs has contributed to this evolution. But that doesn’t mean you should give up your goal of finding meaningful employment at this stage of your life, or submit to frustration because of how different everything is now.The truth is, as a Baby Boomer you have a lot to offer the professional world, including experience, finely-honed skills, and a lifetime of valuable wisdom, and it makes sense that you’d want to share it with the next generation of workers. In addition, your skills set obviously presents a positive value proposition for the companies who recognize their strength and value. But in order for you to connect to the perfect job that will allow you to best leverage your background and abilities and make positive and meaningful contributions in the workplace, you first need to get past the job search hurdle. Consider using the following strategies an d advice to help you get there.3 steps to a successful job hunt for Baby BoomersOwn your ageSome Baby Boomers who are looking to enter the workforce may initially feel the urge to somehow â€Å"mask† their ages when applying for jobs- scrubbing out or obscuring key dates on a resume is a common approach. Not only is this a short-sighted approach (unless you plan to go to interviews in disguise), but also, why hide the decades of valuable work and life experience you’ve acquired? Instead, wear your age as a badge of accomplishment and sing its praises during the job search process.Also, establishing your ability and willingness to be flexible and learn new things- a common concern regarding older workers- is a good way to offset any initial hiring trepidation. Use your cover letters and resumes as opportunities to convince hiring personnel that your age is an asset, not a liability, and that a company that hires you will stand to benefit from everything you bring to the table. It’s also an opportunity to showcase your confidence and honesty, which savvy companies will recognize and appreciate.Get used to new toolsJust as you probably had to learn how to use new equipment and technology during your prior lifetime of work experience, you’re going to have to get comfortable with using the new tools of job searching. You may have quickly realized this after opening your local newspaper and searching for the now nonexistent want ads section: job searching has almost exclusively moved to the digital realm. You’ll need to leverage online tools if you want to make the most of your time and find a great new job. Sure, you can also do things the old-fashioned way- some businesses still put help wanted signs in their windows and may appreciate an inquiry from someone who stops in to say hello looking for some honest work- but most jobs these days are found online.But this notion shouldn’t fill you with dread. Many of today’ s online job search tools have been designed to make job searching easier, not harder. If you’re comfortable with the basics of using a computer (going online and sending emails), then do a quick search and check out the most popular career networking and job search sites in your area and field of interest. If you’re less comfortable online, seek out the help of a friend or family member. Your local library is a great resource if you’re in need of some guidance. Trust us, after polishing up your resume, exploring the ins and outs of online job searching and applying is a worthy investment of your time.Build and use your networkA great thing about having decades of work experience under your belt is that you probably have a small galaxy of contacts you can leverage if you’re looking to get back into the work world. A great early step when planning a job search is to think about your years of work experience. Make a list of people whom you can contact regar ding possible employment opportunities. Even if a contact isn’t aware of a job offer in their immediate orbit, they may know someone they can connect you to in or adjacent to your desired field. Just reach out as much as possible and see how your network and possibilities can quickly grow. And don’t get discouraged if every contact doesn’t lead to a job offer- just stay resilient and determined. Consider your time networking as just one tool in your well-rounded job search toolkit.If you’re an older job seeker who’s looking to jump back into the job market, invest some time in learning the new rules and tools to job searching and set yourself up for success. Good luck!

The Chemistry of Biodiesel Production Term Paper

The Chemistry of Biodiesel Production - Term Paper Example Biodiesel is one such form of hydrocarbon based fuels. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) defines biodiesel fuel as monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from a renewable lipid feedstock, such as vegetable oil or animal fat (Zhang et al. 1). It is made by chemically combining any natural oil, fat or recycled grease with a suitable alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. The general equation that can be used to predict the amount of biodiesel that will be made from fats and oils is as shown: 100 pounds of oil + 10 pounds of methanol > 100 pounds of biodiesel + 10 pounds of glycerol Biodiesel can be used as neat (B 100) or in a blend with petroleum diesel for example a blend of 20 % biodiesel with 80 % petro-diesel by volume, is termed â€Å"B 20† (van Gerpen et al. 22). ... The Biox process involves the use of a co-solvent, tetrahydrofuran (THF), to solubilize the methanol. THF enhances solubility of the alcohol in the triglyceride phase and thus hastens the otherwise slow reaction (van Gerpen et al. 38). With THF the reaction takes 5 to 10 minutes at a low temperature of 30 °C. On the other hand, in the supercritical process a high alcohol to oil ratio (42:1) mixture is subjected to supercritical conditions – temperatures of 350 – 400  °C and pressures of 1200 pounds per square inch and above. So far, the huge capital and operating costs incurred in performing the supercritical reactions have made scaling up of this process to be quite difficult (van Gerpen et al. 40). The most common way to produce biodiesel is through transesterification. Transesterification refers to a catalyzed chemical reaction involving vegetable oil and an alcohol to yield fatty acid alkyl esters (which is the biodiesel) and glycerol. Catalyzed processes ca n be further subdivided into three major processes: acid catalyzed processes, alkali catalyzed processes and enzyme catalyzed processes (Zhang et al. 2). The alkali catalyzed process involves use of a basic catalyst such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide whereas the acid catalyzed process involves the use of an acid such as sulfuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, or organic sulfonic acids as the catalyst. In enzyme catalyzed processes, lipases are used to catalyze transesterification in either aqueous or non-aqueous systems. Acid catalyzed and alkali catalyzed processes are the ones that continue to receive the most attention largely because the production of enzymes is significantly costly and their reactions remarkably slower (Zhang et al. 2). As mentioned previously,

Discuss the primary business structure,functions and sub category of Essay

Discuss the primary business structure,functions and sub category of the NHS - Essay Example Thus health care is largely free for all patients ordinarily resident in United Kingdom, some set charges are payable for prescriptions, optician and dentistry services. Thus taxpayers actually fund NHS scheme to ensure that everyone has access to quality and timely heath care facility. Lately the concept of "internal market" has been introduces whereby the services are purchased from various sources either internal or other hospitals to make the system more efficient. In theory each division of NHS is supposed to break even, though practical picture is quite different many times. Repeated deficits and financial indiscipline can result in replacement of board of directors of the trusts of NHS The main function of NHS is to provide health care to all the ordinary residents of UK healthcare services free of cost funded through taxes. NHS operates through a complex web of trusts which act locally and are managed, monitored by Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs) to continuously improve the healthcare services. All the Primary subcategories are managed mainly by primary care trusts which overlook the GP, requisitioning other services like specialist, mental health, ambulance etc. SHAs have strategic role in managing the PCTs under their area. It is widely believed that NHS is the third largest employer in the world after Chinese Army and Indian Railways.

Critical Response on the story The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe Essay - 1

Critical Response on the story The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe - Essay Example â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† depicts the extent to which a human being can go and the narrative serves to explain the reader that the narrator is not as mentally sound as he argues that he is. It also presents the complexity of the feelings of the narrator where he is unsure of his own feelings for the old man. The story begins with the explanation of the narrator that he is a perfectly well being but he deeply wishes to kill the old man that he lives with because of the fact that he has a pale blue eye. At the same time he also admits the fact that it is just the eye that is driving him angry and has made him desire to kill this man despite of the fact that the old man has never wronged him. He clearly explains that he has no desire for the old man’s money and nor is there any other motive behind the killing apart from the old man’s eye. He also claims the fact that he loves the old man and hence this serves to provide an explanation that the narrator is in a very complex state of mind and cannot identify his own feelings and perceptions about the world. His strong dislike for the eye can be seen when he says, â€Å"I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.† These lines explain the fact that the human soul does not matt er to him and just for the fact that he hates the old man’s eye, he wants to kill him. The narrator plans to carry out the murder and he designs a plot and strategy for that. He explains the fact that since he planned the murder so well, he cannot be called insane as no insane person would be so intelligent. Though he claims that he is mentally well, but his acts in the story clearly present the reality that he is not well. He is obsessed with killing the old man and he has a desire to kill him while he is awake so that before his killing he can see his eye which is the main motive behind the murder. He waits complete seven days only for the fact that the old man opens his eye so that

The importance of counting in early number development

The importance of counting in early number development Counting is the action of finding the number of elements of a finite set of objects by continually increasing a counter by a unit for every element in the set, in some order. Counting is used by children to demonstrate knowledge of the number names and number system. Archaeological evidence suggests that humans have been counting for at least 50,000 years, and in ancient cultures counting was used to keep track of early economic data. Learning to count is considered a very important educational and developmental milestone in most cultures of the world. Learning to count is a childs first step into mathematics, and constitutes the most fundamental idea of mathematics. The present essay will attempt to illustrate the importance of counting for the development of number-related skills from an early age (Eves, 1990). The use of numbers is a skill developed from an early age. In mathematics, there is the term number sense, a relatively new construct that refers to a well organized conceptual framework of number information that enables a person to understand numbers and numbers relationships, and to solve mathematical problems that are not bound by traditional algorithms. Number sense includes some component skills such as number meaning, number relationships, number magnitude, operations involving numbers and referents for numbers and quantities. These skills contribute to general intuitions about numbers and pave the way for more advanced skills (Bobis, 1996). Studies have shown that this number sense begins at a very early age. Even before they are able to count properly, children of around two years of age can indentify one, two or three objects. Theorists as early as Piaget noticed this ability to instantaneously recognize the number of objects in a small group. Piaget called in subitizing. Later, as the childs mental powers develop, around the age of four, groups of up to four objects can be recognized without counting. Adults have and continue to use the same ability of subitizing, although even they cannot use it beyond a maximum of five objects, unless the objects are arranged in a particular way or practice that aids memorization. Subitizing refers to the minds ability to form stable mental images of patterns and then associate them with a fixed number. In a familiar arrangement, such as six dots arranged into two rows of three (such as in dice or playing cards) six can be instantly recognized when presented this way (Gelman Galli stel, 1978). Yet, with the exception of familiar arrangements such as the examples above, when people are presented with groups numbering more than five objects, they must resort to other mental strategies. Groups can be broken up into sub-groups to facilitate the process. A group of six objects, for example, can be broken up into two sub-groups of three, which are recognized instantly and then unconsciously combined into six, the number of the bigger group. This strategy does not use any actual counting, but a part-part-whole relationship which is assisted by rapid mental addition. Therefore, there is an understanding that a number can be composed of smaller parts, along with the knowledge of how these parts add up. This kind of thinking has already begun by the time children begin school, around six or seven years of age. It should be nurtured and allowed to develop, as it is thinking of this sort that lays the foundation for understanding operations and developing mental calculation strategies (Bobis, 1996). Skills such as the ability to perceive subgroups, need to be developed alongside counting in order to provide a firm foundation for number sense. Although there is no denying that counting is crucial for the development of numbers, these other skills play an important part as well. Skills and alternative strategies for counting can be developed more effectively by the use of teaching strategies. Children can be shown flashcards with objects in different arrangements (sometimes six in a cluster of four and a pair, or sometimes in three pairs) as these different arrangements will tend to prompt different strategies. Furthermore, if the flashcards are shown for only a few seconds, the mind is challenged to act faster and develop strategies other than counting to make the necessary calculations (Way, 1996). Yet, despite the importance of alternative strategies, a considerable amount of evidence supports the idea that counting is the most important mechanism used by young children in estimating numbers of all sizes, perhaps only with the exception of 1 or 2. Subitizing and grouping, as described above, are used as mediators for the ability to understand small numbers, but it seems that even these skills are developed after children have learned to estimate numbers by counting. Moreover, counting is the basic mechanism used when children learn to add and subtract. At least the initial stages of adding and subtracting, before the child masters the processes, involve counting. For example adding 8 and 3 might be achieved by first counting to 8 and then proceeding to 11 (Gelman Gallistel, 1978). A surge of interest in counting was triggered by Gelman and Gallistels (1978) book, which claimed that preschoolers learning to count was inexplicable unless they had innate predispositions to learn counting. So, is counting innate or not? Butterworth et al. (2005) believe that the human ability to count is innate and is not reliant on numbers or language to express it. They based their study on the fact that the children of Australian Aborigines were able to count even though their languages do not have words for numbers. An extreme form of linguistic determinism has been developed recently, which claims that counting words are needed for children to develop concepts of numbers above three. In contrast, the teams study of aboriginal children suggests that humans have an innate system for recognizing and representing numerosities, the number of objects in a set, and that the lack of a number vocabulary does not prevent them from doing numerical tasks that do not require number words. On the other hand, other cross-cultural studies support the opposite conclusion: counting is not innate. Although it seems to come naturally, counting may be cultural rather than innate. Many hunter-gatherer societies such as the Australian Aborigines or various different peoples in South America have no words in their languages for counting or at best only words for up to the number five. This could be because those societies do not have the culturally supported contexts where exact numbers need to be encoded. To investigate the issue, one study (Hyde et al., in press) examined a population of deaf Nicaraguans who do not speak Spanish and never had the opportunity to learn conventional sign language. These people live in a numerate culture that uses exact counting and large numbers, but because they were never educated in it, they lacked conventional language for themselves. Still, these individuals did not spontaneously develop representations of numbers over three. They use gestur es to communicate about numbers but do not consistently produce gestures that accurately represent the cardinal values of sets containing more than three items. This is in contrast to native speakers of the American Sign Language, who, raised and immersed in a language that uses counting, were just as good as speakers of Spanish and English at counting. Therefore, deafness was not the factor that made the difference. The overall point, though, is that whether innate or not, there can be little doubt that counting is crucial for early number development. People belonging to those cultures without words for numbers larger than five can subitize up to a point but are handicapped when the need arises to deal with larger quantities (Butterworth et al., 2008). Activities that involve counting have been shown to to be very effective for helping young children understand the concept of number. Young children and prepared to engage in and benefit from preschool exposure to counting before they are taught arithmetic in an organized manner. Children form many necessary language associations at a very early age, and even at the early age of three, certain counting principles are already in place. Children can make effective use of guided experiences that help them build developmentally appropriate pre-formal mathematics understandings. Counting can be used to reinforce and extend childrens natural learning. The highly influential book of Gelman and Gallistel (1978) proposes a set of counting principles, and counting exercises based on these principles contribute greatly to childrens pre-formal understanding and progress toward formal understanding. Gelman and Gallistels principles do not refute Piagets classic, ground-breaking findings on the processes of development, but rather extend them. Some of these principles are attainable by age three and all of them by age five. Many counting exercises that emphasize these principles also employ the logical activities recommended by Piaget, such as classification, seriation, matching and comparison (Aubrey, 1993). The one-to-one principle shows that, when counting, only one number word in assigned to each object. This refers to both the verbal and mental act of counting. The stable order principle shows that, when counting, number words are always assigned in the same order. Although the tie of number to language is important, exercises that employ stable order are most useful when they simultaneously employ the previous, one-to-one principle. The cardinal principle shows that the number of objects in the set is the last number word counted. The cardinal principle is similar to the co ncept of cardinality, of which children gain implicit understanding long before they understand numerical quantity. The order irrelevance principle shows that when counting the number of objects in a set, the order in which they are counted is not important, but rather simply that all objects are counted. In other words, a set of objects may be properly counted by starting with any object and going in any order. Finally, the abstraction principle shows that when counting any unique set of objects, all the above principles apply as well as they do to any other unique set. Researchers as early as Beckmann (1924) analyzed the way in which children arrived at an accurate estimate of the number of items, in order to establish the importance of counting. Depending on their behaviour during a counting task and their explanation of how they reached the answer, Bechmann divided the children into counters or subitizers. In general, it was found that the younger the child, the greater the tendency to count for all numbers, while the larger the number, the greater the tendency for all children to count. These results together showed that children estimate a number by counting before they can subitize the same number. Similar effects were observed by Brownwell (1928) and McLaughlin (1935). By asking children to identify the number of elements in arrays of 3 to 10 objects, Brownwell noticed that young children almost always counted and rarely took advantage of the patterns in the display. McLaughlin similarly observed that 3- to 6-year-olds typically counted in or der to determine the number of objects in an array, even when the number of objects was small. As the number of items a child could count increased, so did the ability to estimate numbers. Gelman (1972) notes that when the performance of children in experiments where they have counted is compared with that in experiments where they did not count, the resulting discrepancy adds support to the hypothesis that young children initially estimate by counting. Buckingham and MacLatchys (1930) study on estimation showed children a random throw of objects, and the subjects were not prevented from counting. In contrast, in Douglas (1925) study where three similar number tasks were used, children were discouraged from counting. If the groups of 6-year-olds in these and other studies that accordingly encourage or discourage counting are compared, a large discrepancy can be observed. In the first case, the percentage of children who accurately estimated non-linear arrays of around 10 items on at least one trial varied from 54% to 70%, while in the latter case only 8% of the children successfully estimated the numerosity of 10-element arrays. Although the studies differed in a varie ty of ways, the similarity of the tasks, the selection of the same age group and the use or absence of counting suggest that at least some part of this impressively large discrepancy in successful estimation scores can be attributed to the presence of absence of counting. Overall, the role of counting on early number development is not entirely clear and there are many different, often conflicting, opinions on how these processes occur. The most striking example is whether counting is innate or not, with some researchers claiming that humans are born with the ability to see the world numerically in the same way that they are born with the ability to see the world in colour, and others insisting that it is a cultural, not an innate ability which will not develop outside of a cultural setting that reinforces it. Different opinions also exist in the matter of the importance of counting and the importance of other skills such as subitizing. Subitizing and other similar skills that assist in estimations are crucial, but they only seem to be so when used together with counting. Counting develops first and produces much better results in estimates and numerical tasks in general. It is the first mechanism used in estimation, the most effective one, and also e qually crucial when developing other, more complicated numerical skills such as adding and subtracting. It truly seems to be the basis of early number development.

John Steinbeck :: essays research papers

John Steinbeck was born in February 27, 1902 in Salinas, California. Salinas was an agricultural valley in California. His father was the county treasurer and his mother was a schoolteacher. This is where his education began from a mother that encouraged him to read. The community was a comfortable environment for him to live in because of the encouragement of independence and initiative. His parents didn’t want him to be a writer. They wanted him to have a true profession as a lawyer. His early interest in reading led him through school, with his main interest in science. At age 15 he decided to become a writer, influenced by an English teacher, and faintly remembered by schoolmates for spending so much time in his room writing. After graduating from high school, he went to Stanford University in 1920. While he was there for five he contributed to the school paper by writing poems and comics. He took courses in science and writing, but never received a degree. In 1925, when h e left Stanford, he became a marine biologist. He moved to New York in 1925 to work as a reporter for a newspaper. Always being a non-conformist, he was fired from the newspaper for writing opinions instead of facts. This started the many jobs he would be a part of in his lifetime. Some of these jobs include an apprentice hod carrier, an apprentice printer, a working chemist, caretaker of Lake Tahoe Estate, surveyor in Big Sur County, and a fruit picker. He also worked other more physically labored jobs, such as a rancher, road worker, deck hand, cotton picker, and bricklayer. While involved in these jobs, he made many close friends that he came to admire because of their "cant and hypocrisy" which he applauded and whom all of these people soon were characters in his novels. Many of these experiences were the "helpers" to his many novels. His fruit picking and Great Depression led him to write The Grapes of Wrath, his best known and most ambitious of his works. A lso, he wrote Of Mice and Men, which was formed from his job as a hired hand on the many farms he worked. Many things affected his writing of the time period of which he wrote. Things like the Great Depression, World War 2, and the Vietnam War are the major influences. World War 2 was when he was working for the federal government as a writer, so his works focused on greed and materialism in the beings of modern civilization, Cannery Row and The Wayward Bus are two good examples of this idea.

Man Wildlife Conflicts

The problem of Man – Elephant conflict is more severe in the districts of Hassan and Madikeri where large herds of elephants can be seen roaming and marauding the farms especially in or near the forest areas damaging the valuable agricultural crops. At times there have been loss of human lives which only accentuates the problem taking this conflict to an entirely new level. Naturally people can tolerate the loss of agricultural crops but not the loss of their family members.But then who is responsible for all this? It is we who have intruded into their territory, converting the forests into agricultural farms, growing crops and inviting the elephants to our doorsteps to come and have their stomach fill. Its we who have fragmented their habitat by making roads, dams and canals. We have honeycombed their habitat by our so called developmental activities eating into their homelands and this appetite of ours for their areas is only increasing day by day with the bulging human popu lation.The elephants in these areas seem to have a very peculiar habit. First they have their stomach fill. After that they roam around in search of arrack which is usually being distilled in local bhatties. The arrack or the distil waste gives them a nice kick and these drunken elephants are responsible for the loss of human lives. The tools employed by the forest department like bursting of crackers, gunshots or fire torches are too primitive to stop or scare away the marauding pack of drunken elephants.The Man-Leopard conflict is more visible in the transition zone between dry plain lands and the green hilly areas. In the Chikmagalur district it is more a problem in the dry taluqa of Kadur particularly bordering villages of Kadur and Chikmagalur taluqa where the dry tract ends. Kadur is the place which earned a bad name for it about 10 years back. It was here where large number of panthers had to be shot and killed by employing and bringing so called sharp shooters from all over the state in search of an illusive so called man-eater panther.The end result of all this hunting spree was that every day and night several panthers were shot and brought to the post mortem table, post mortem was carried out and the killed panther was declared innocent as no human remains could be detected inside till finally some human hair remnants were detected in one and then only this shooting spree came to a halt. It is debatable whether it was really required to kill such a large number of panthers which is an endangered species but perhaps the department had no means to identify the rrant panther and hence large number of panthers had to be killed in search of that illusive wayward one. Moreover at times one is driven by the urge to be seen as trying his best. Probably this urge opened the floodgates and gradually people took the law into their own hands thinking that why to wait for the forest department when they can themselves teach panthers a lesson. Same happened some time back. A family of a mother panther and its two grown up cubs was seen in the vicinity of a village.They hunted a calf and ate it partially before they were chased away by the villagers. Once they left, the carcass of the calf was nicely poisoned. When the mother and the cub returned unsuspectingly next day, they consumed the remains and in the process died themselves. Leopards by nature tend to stray into the habitations in search of their kill. Their natural prey is becoming rare in the forests and the omnipresent cattle and dogs in the vicinity of the villages on the periphery of forest brings them in close conflict of the human beings.In some other areas also few panthers have had to lose their lives being caught in the snares. These snares are fixed in the barbed wire fence of coffee estates, not necessarily by the estate owners but at times by their labour in order to catch wild boars or smaller animals. However it is the panthers and Sambars who have had to pay the price with their lives for their adventure in to the estates. The Man- Tiger conflicts are by and large restricted to the high forests and the coffee estates in the vicinity of forests in Chikmagalur district.These conflicts also arise due to depredation by tigers on the cattle or getting entangled in the snares fixed in the fencings of the estates. Few tigers have been killed due to such snares. In Chikmagalur, Hassan, Kodagu and other Western Ghat districts Coffee plantations are an integral part of the topography. The conditions available in the coffee estates make them very close to look like forest. Presence of cattle in such areas makes them ideal hunting grounds for the tigers and leopards bringing them in direct conflict with the villagers.Moreover there are large number of authorized and unauthorized muzzle loading guns available making it very difficult for the wild life to survive. Primary reason for all these conflicts is fragmentation of the wild habitat. Whereas few patches have been brought under the Conservation network by declaring them as National Parks or Sanctuaries, about 85-90% of the forest areas are still outside this network. While there can be no doubt that establishing this network has contributed significantly to wildlife conservation. But real problem is that even these networks are also fragmented.Whereas total concentration in these parks and sanctuaries is on wildlife protection making the conditions ideal for wildlife, but what about the wildlife staying in forest areas outside these networks. Wildlife knows no boundaries. Creation of ideal conditions in sanctuaries has helped wildlife to multiply rapidly but where is the additional habitat required to take care of the additional population of animals, which tries to flow over to the adjoining areas only to get killed. This is particularly so with regard to the wild animals having territorial tendencies.There is need to have a continuous conservation network with sufficient area and resources to take care of the progeny. Right now almost no effort is being made to take up wild life related management works outside the parks and sanctuaries. The lands outside the parks and sanctuaries (even inside also) are constantly under threat of encroachment. Honeycombing of the forestlands has already reached extreme. The tools employed by the government in reducing the Man and Wildlife Conflicts are highly insufficient and hence not producing desired results.If we think that paying a few hundred or thousands Rupees to a person as compensation for crop damages by elephants or for a cattle killed by a leopard or tiger would save our wildlife from getting poisoned or shot, then it is nothing but our shortsightedness. Even this so-called wildlife compensation is paid to him after making innumerable trips to the concerned office. The farmer has to forego his earnings for each day he has to visit the office, he has to pay from his pocket for the bus charge and has to undergo ph ysical strain †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.And what he gets is just few hundred rupees. Such hardships discourage him and in the process he gets encouraged to take the law into his own hands and to settle scores with his tormentor- the wildlife. There are only losers on both the sides. The Forest officials are also at times not acting in tandem. There is no coordination among the adjoining units. Particularly in case of elephant herds movements between the adjoining units it can be seen. Everybody wants to drive away the herds to another adjoining unit without giving any thought.It only complicates the problems. Need of the hour is to have a stock of the real problem. And then only solutions can be found. We tend to take each problem in a routine manner. There is a tendency to leave the things to lower subordinates. The powers that be have to take everybody into confidence, discuss the issue threadbare and then have to take a conscious decision. A conscious policy decision need not be essentially sweet and liked by all but it may herald a new era where people and wildlife both can coexist beneficially.

About Poverty Essay

Abandoned Love We seek for love, We seek for care, Our innate feature, But love has vanished. It slowly flew away from us. Left in the cold blizzard, Seeking for love. They pretend for their necessities, But they wouldn’t look back, As it is over. Then the blizzard come again. A guy with receipts walk by, Face of love, Feeling of hate, Heart of despair. People laid on the road, Stoned and pale, Nobody cares, maybe some, To take videos, And tell the world, By just a click. Then the corpses left there, With even colder hearts, We must seek for the love, We have lost long time ago, Unless we want to be abandoned. From where we live Analysis of the poem The poem ‘Abandoned love’ has lots of bizarre meanings. The purpose and  function of the poem is a confession. I wanted to confess about the vicious reality writing this poem. It is said ‘We seek love, we seek care’ shows that we are really in need of love and care now, as more the society develops, the care and love between people vanish. The organization of the poem is a free verse poem, as there is no any specific structure in the poem and it has no rhyming and consistent syllables. The literary devices used are ‘tone’ and ‘personification’. The tone used is despair. The poem basically is about the vicious and egoistic view of the world, and it is described unfortunate and sorrowful. The other literary device used is personification. ‘But love has vanished, it slowly flew away from us’. Obviously, love can’t really fly, but it is used to show that it has disappeared. The word ‘fly’ is used becau se we couldn’t really see it vanishing. The theme is ‘Egoism’, the whole poem discussed about the seriousness of egoism of today’s society. It is mentioned the ‘face of love, feeling of hate, heart of despair’ to show that people only work kindly to earn their own earnings, but inside they show hatred of people. Insomnia I want to sleep, But I can’t, Counting sheep, Still can’t. I dream, With a bottle of pills. But it’s just a rim, Of a bottle of ills. Brighter the screen, Blurrier to be seen. Stronger the wind blow, Desolate journey continue to flow. Analysis of the poem The poem ‘Insomnia’ has a simple meaning. The purpose and function of the poem is an escape. I wanted to describe as an escape from the insomnia writing this poem. It is said ‘I want to sleep, but I can’t’ shows the two different views from the readers. One is a humorous view, and the other is a rather depressing view. The organization of the poem is a quatrain poem, as there is specific structure in the poem and it has rhymes every 2 lines, and there 4 lines structure for every stanza. The literary devices used are ‘mood’ and ‘metaphor’. The mood used is restless. The poem basically is about a guy who can’t sleep, and it has lots of tiring and restless mentions such as ‘desolate journey continue to flow’. Furthermore, the other literary device is ‘metaphor’, I wrote ‘stronger the wind blow’ basically describe insomnia as the strong wind. Insomnia is nothing like strong wind, howe ver both of those harass us, but we can’t touch them or see them. The theme is ‘Insomnia’, the whole poem discussed about the problem of insomnia. It is mentioned the ‘Brighter the screen, blurrier the screen’ to show that people often can’t really make sleep, and use their phones, or portable televisions in the bed. As it is dark, and it is not clear to see the bright screen. shower Oh! She was in a prison waiting to be set free, Her sins made from the outside to be cleaned, Waiting to be judged by the flow of water, Shower, oh, Shower! She was like a lion after hunting and feasting, The melodious song to be sung with, Then the storm of the warm hug finishes, Shower, oh, Shower! The drought has stopped after the rainfall, The rainfall continued until just a pull, Aesthetic flower grow upon the skin, Shower, oh, Shower! Analysis of the poem The poem ‘Shower’ is basically telling humorous but deep meanings to the readers. The purpose and function of the poem is the therapy. It provides a relaxing and pleasant thinking of showering to the readers and me. The organization of the poem is a ballad poem. There are no consistent rhyming or syllables, however, it is like a music lyrics, having some of repetitions and a bit of storytelling. The literary devices used are ‘repetition’ and ‘analogy’. As it is a ballad poem, not necessary, but some of the repetitions are used. For example the phrase ‘Shower, oh, shower!’ is used thrice in the poem. Also there is an analogy in the poem, ‘She was like a lion after hunting and feasting.’ Lion after hunting and feasting gives an imagery of a very filthy and dirty looking beast, and it was basically used to describe being very messy before showering. The theme is ‘purification’, the whole poem discussed about a girl being clean after being dirty in the past. However, it has a deep meaning inside its external one. As it is shown ‘Oh! She was in a prison waiting to be set free’, that’s meaning how someone is depressed in the past. On the contrary, ‘Aesthetic flower grow upon the skin’ meaning that one has been gotten rid of their depression, or other difficulties. It gives a message that one needs to have a break or relaxing moments in their life, not always sticking with their work and routines Desire Rained every day, just looking for a sunny day, What will thy god say? Every time new background takes place, Have to adapt in a fast pace. Just looking to be the heir of the throne, Looking until the breakage of bone. Upon a yellow medal so soft to feel, And an asking price for such a grand deal. Sweat watered down, pooled like rivulets on the floor, A soldier back from the war, battered and sore, Standing tall as a mammoth, the anthem sung The joy so sweet, he could taste it on his tongue Analysis of the poem The poem ‘Desire’ describes about the Olympic as a player’s perspective. The purpose and function of the poem is an expression. I wanted to express about a sports players’ desire. It is said ‘A soldier back from the battlefield, battered and sore’ shows that players are really desperate and passionate for the victory in the games. The organization of the poem is a couplet poem, as there is s specific structure in the poem. It has rhyming every lines in the stanzas, there are only two lines in one stanza. The literary devices used are ‘rhymes’ and ‘simile’. There are lots of rhyming used in this poem as it is a couplet. There are 6 stanzas with 2 lines with rhymes at the end. For example, ‘Just looking to be the heir of the throne, looking until the breakage of bone’. The words ‘throne’ and ‘bone’ rhymes. Also, there is a simile in the poem, such as ‘Standing tall as a mammoth’. It basically describes the victorious player standing on the podium. Obviously the player who wins the gold, will be standing on the highest point of the podium, and it is described as mammoth because it is tall, and so is the victorious player on the podium. The theme is ‘Desire for dream’, the whole poem discusses about the Olympic player’s desire for the medal. As this can also be referred to other people’s desire. There are always rainy days in a year. In this case rainy days symbolize the hard time a person face in their life. However, if one tries hard to get rid of them and try their best for their dream, there will surely be a sunny day at the end. That’s the basic story of the poem. Students We are stuck in a prison with many of the ones who are guilty, But they don’t know why, no one knows the reason. We are punished everyday with harsh tortures, Every one of us question ourselves, why? Oh why? Pressured by the ones who are called our ‘parents?’ But no one answers, even the ones who should know the reason, We focus, we try, we walk, we run, and we fly. In every hour, every minute, every second. Longly been waiting to be released on the graduation day. Though we did not have any trial, conviction, nor testimonies. Analysis of the poem The poem ‘Students’ talk about a very serious subject. The purpose and function of the poem is a sanctuary. It talk about a student who need a sanctuary from the torture of studying. The organization of the poem is a light verse poem, as there is no specific structure in the poem. However, this poem is extremely brief and it is described about a serious topic. The literary devices used are ‘symbol’ and ‘hyperbole’. In the second lines of second stanza, it is said ‘we focus, we try, we walk, we run, and we fly. In this line, there are some motions which seems regardless to students studying. However, those motions symbolizes how hard students study these days. Also, the word ‘prison’ in the first one symbolizes schools. Moreover, the hyperbole is used in ‘We are punished everyday with harsh tortures’ as studying can’t really be a torture. The theme is ‘torture’, this poem can also be referred to the other people, not students. For example, it can also be torture to those business men who work every day. However, it is also important how we get rid of that, which is the message of this poem. Love after love The time will come When, with elation You will greet yourself arriving At your own door, in your own mirror And each will smile at the other’s welcome, And say, sit here. Eat. You will love again the stranger who was yourself. Give wine. Give bread. Give back your heart To itself, to the stranger who has loved you? All your life, whom you ignored For another, who knows you by heart. Take down the love letters from the bookshelf, The photographs, the desperate notes, Peel your own image from the mirror. Sit. Feast on your life. This poem is written by DErek walcott. The reason why i chose this poem is that it has really a good recognization and interpretation of love. The poem basically tell the reader as a speaker how sweet it is to have someone you love. How different one’s life is with and without life. The poem has no rhyming and consistent syllables. There are also inconsistent numbers of lines in every stanza. POverty in 21th century It’s the 21st century The media displays it day and night, Poverty. Poverty across the globe lies Poverty cries out from the belly of little boys Little girls, parents too Desperately searching for food, Shelter, clothing, for love, Companion, for attention Those with plenty, refuse To amend, a world haunted by Poverty. Is poverty affecting the rich? Are their poverty the same As the poor in financial constrains? For they, too, poverty of love I see poverty in the learned I see poverty in those whose Selfish acts are destroying society. I see poverty in all level of humanity The world is still an imperfect place Yet life is still beautiful, the wind Blows, we see it not, give thanks For what you possess, now go, Help if you can along the way, Help to eradicate poverty In your surrounding, widen Your boundary across your Country, to nations of the world. Help to fight poverty, now! this poem has a theme of poverty, and discuss about the seriousness about it. i chose this poem because i know how it feels to be in poverty. It is definitely not a pleasant thing to be in poverty. In this poem, it says about the suffer people in poverty nowadays, as it is said to be 21th century. it is written by Winston Harding. This poem has no rhyming or special numbers of syllables. It basically is a free verse poem What is school like? School is like a prison We can’t leave, School is like an island We are all trapped, School is like a pie It is good at first until you reach the crust, School is like a toilet It is full of germs, School is like a salad You have to put something on it to make it better, School is like a stupid cat It never dies, School is like a garbage truck It smells, it’s big and you can here it from a mile away, School is like a baby It always needs your attention, School is like a shark It just keeps chasing, School is like going to jail. school’, and mostly has negative view of it. It interprets well as a student’s perspective, and gives a lot of analogy and examples of them. It is written by the poet Jacob Gifford, and the reason why i chose this poem is mostly because of him. Hemade lots of poems which intrigued me. This poem has no rhhymings mostly. it has 2 lines in every stanza, which thus look like a couplet poem. However, there are no consistent rhyming betweem stanzas. society Black hole in my chest swallows all my best intentions And the fear of loneliness hurts worse than ever experiencing it Trying to constantly create this facade of nothingness Best disguise I’ve ever produced Trying to hide behind my own face in order to distinguish Needing a place in your shallow world And struggling against the grain I end up swimming in the same pool The same circle again and again Hoping for a way out Or better yet a way in Make me weak in the knees Silly in the brain, that’s what I’m sick of having to feign Relinquish your soul for a bit attention The gift I’m willing to give A sacrifice might be a better word to describe my cold heart’s intentions Struggling to break free, Struggling to be, Struggling to never need Your acceptance this poem discuss about a very serious theme. This talk about the current society, how people show no love and care between each other and how they disguise and fake themselves to get rid of loneliness. However it is basically a same cycle a person faces, it goes the same no matter how people try.This poem is written by lauren miller, and i chose this poem because it makes the reader a deep thinking about the theme. Time Time Time, the thief of life, Time, an unwinnable fight, Time, brings the work of death, Time, brings a newborn’s breath. Time, brings couples together, Time, keeps love going forever, Time, an instrument of healing, Time, it can be revealing. Time, brings us wrongs and rights, Time, brings all humans fright, Time, can be good or bad, Time, makes us happy and sad†¦ Time, ‘this what gives life meaning, Time, ‘this oh so demeaning, Time, our memories it will rinse, Time, for it’s the world’s balance. This poem basically talks about the topic ‘time’. It may look like it has rather simple meaning compared to other poems. HOwever, it has a really deep meaning. it shows how important time is in a person’s life. It has much deeper meaning than it might have beem seemed like. It can simply end a person’s life. it is written by the poet, josepth walter duggan. The reason why i chose this is that this poem gives a deep thinking of the poet about the sbject time, and i agree with most of those lines about it. Work Citation Page Walcott, Derek, ‘Love After Love’, Poem Hunter, Poem Hunter, 2003, 15th February 2014 Harding, Winston, ‘Poverty in 21th century’, Poem Hunter, Poem Hunter, 2011, 15th February 2014 Gifford, Jacob, ‘What is school like?’, Poem Hunter, Poem Hunter, 2008, 15th February 2014 Miller, Lauren, ‘Society’, Poem Hunter, Poem Hunter, 2010, 15th February 2014 Duggan, Joseph, ‘Time’, Poem Hunter, Poem Hunter, 2008, 15th February 2014